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• Themes
  • Ecological diversity
    • Forest
      • The distribution and protection of forests
      • Forest as a habitat for species
      • Clearcut areas as part of the habitat
      • Forest as a source of timber
      • The role of forest in the biogeochemical cycle
      • Forest as a climate regulator
      • Forest as a recreational place
      • Forest in Estonian culture
      • Lingid
    • Mires
      • The types and protection of mires
      • Mires as habitats for species
      • The drainage and restoration of mires
      • Mires as a source of peat
      • Mires in Estonian culture
      • Artiklid ja lingid
    • Meadows, of grasslands
      • The types, distribution, and protection of semi-natural communities
      • Semi-natural communities as a habitat for species
      • The restoration and maintenance of semi-natural communities
      • Semi-natural communities in Estonian culture
      • Artiklid ja lingid
    • Inland waters
      • Distribution of inland waters
      • The biota of inland waters
      • The state of inland waters
      • The protection of inland waters
      • Lake Peipsi
      • Lake Võrtsjärv
      • Artiklid ja lingid
    • The Baltic Sea
      • The history of the Baltic Sea
      • Biota of the Baltic Sea
      • The state of the Baltic Sea
      • The protection of the Baltic Sea
      • Sea in Estonian culture
      • Artiklid ja lingid
    • The coast
      • Types of coasts and their distribution
      • Cliffed coast
      • Artiklid ja lingid
    • Man-made habitats
      • Man-made habitats and biodiversity
    • Soil
      • Soil biota
      • The role of soil in ecosystems and matter cycles and its importance for humans
      • Threats to soil
    • Natura habitats
      • What is a Natura 2000 habitat type?
    • Natura 2000 Habitats List
  • Ecosystem services
    • Road map for mapping ecosystem services
    • Countrywide mapping and assessment of ecosystems and their services
      • Terrestrial ecosystems
        • Base levels for condition and services of the terrestrial ecosystems
        • Assessment and mapping of socioeconomic value
      • Marine ecosystems
      • Freshwater ecosystems
    • Implementation
  • Species diversity
    • Species and their distribution
      • Natural distribution of species
      • Changes in Estonian mammal fauna
      • Estonian names of plants and animals
    • Endangered species and the Red List
    • Protected species
      • Why is it necessary to protect species?
      • Why are lists of protected species necessary?
      • Which protected species status has deteriorated?
      • Natura 2000 species
    • Alien species
      • Migratory routes of alien species
      • What to do to avoid the spread of alien species?
      • Controlling alien species
      • Alien species: the picture of success?
      • Hogweeds
    • National species
    • Species of the year
      • Aasta 2025 tegijad looduses
  • Genetic diversity
    • How to protect and maintain genetic diversity?
    • What are indigenous breeds and varieties?
      • Estonian indigenous breeds and varieties
        • Indigenous domestic animals
        • Estonian native cattle
        • Kihnu native sheep
    • Indigenous horticultural plants
    • Biosafety
      • Biosafety Clearing-House
        • National reports
        • Legislation
        • Decisions and declarations
        • Risk assessment
        • Administrative capacity
        • Experts
      • GMOs, their threats and opportunities
      • Synthetic biology
      • Artiklid ja lingid
  • Treasures of the landscapes and the earth
    • Landscapes
      • What are the threats to natural landscapes?
      • Valuable landscapes
      • Landscape protection
        • Who is responsible for landscape conservation?
    • Cultural heritage
      • Historic sacred natural sites
      • Landscapes of memory
      • Estonian ancient and folk religion and nature
      • Nature conservation and heritage conservation
    • Geological treasures
    • Extinct biodiversity
  • Nature conservation
    • The history of nature conservation
      • 110 years of nature conservation
    • The system of Estonian nature conservation
      • The strategic documents of nature conservation
      • Protected natural objects and the conservation procedure
        • Why do we need protected areas?
        • Protected areas
        • Limited-conservation areas
        • Protected species, fossils, and minerals
        • Species protection sites
        • Individual protected natural objects
        • Natural objects protected at the local government level
      • Protection rules, management plans, species conservation action plans, and habitat action plans
      • Protected areas (kaitsealad.ee)
      • Nature conservation permits
      • Nature conservation supervision
      • The financing of nature conservation
    • Nature conservation grants and applying for them
      • Subsidies for the maintenance of semi-natural habitats
      • Subsidies for the restoration of semi-natural habitats
      • Natura 2000 subsidy for private forestland
      • Natura 2000 grant for agricultural land
      • The nature conservation grants of the EIC
      • Ordering nature conservation works
    • Natura 2000
    • International agreements and organisations
      • Ramsar Convention
      • Bern Convention
      • European Diploma of Protected Areas
      • Convention on Biological Diversity
        • National reports
        • Information network
      • Bonn Convention
      • EUROBATS agreement
      • The Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA)
      • International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
      • CITES
      • Euroopa Nõukogu maastikukonventsioon
      • International agreements for the protection of the seas
      • HELCOM
      • Aarhus Convention
      • International agreements on fishing
      • International agreements on the protection of inland waters
      • International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
      • The European Environment Agency and EIONET
      • EUROPARC Federation
      • The Global Biodiversity Information Facility
    • Monitoring and indicators
      • The system of Estonian environmental monitoring
      • Species and habitats under monitoring
      • The environmental indicators of the field of nature conservation
    • Databases, distribution atlases, and other data sources
    • Nature conservation statistics
      • Statistics of protected natural objects
      • Looduskaitse kogumikud
  • Nature management
    • Forestry and biodiversity
      • Sustainable forest management
    • Hunting and biodiversity
      • Hunting – livelihood, entertainment, and a way to regulate abundance
      • What species are game animals?
      • The diseases of game and domestic animals
      • Artiklid ja lingid
    • Fishing and biodiversity
      • The impact of fishing on biodiversity
      • Catch restrictions in fishing
      • Aquaculture
    • Agriculture and biodiversity
      • The impact of agriculture on biodiversity
        • The future of many species depends on Estonia's agricultural landscape
        • How to increase harvest
      • Organic farming and biodiversity
      • Agricultural grants and biodiversity
      • Beekeeping, agriculture, and biodiversity
        • Bumblebees
      • Artiklid ja lingid
    • Tourism and biodiversity
      • The impact of tourism on biodiversity
      • Biodiversity-friendly tourism
      • Nature tourism and the protection of biodiversity
      • Artiklid ja lingid
    • The gifts of nature
      • Berries
      • Medicinal plants
      • Mushrooms
  • Biodiversity and other walks of life
    • Sustainable development
      • Definitions of sustainable development (SEI Tallinn)
      • Green initiatives
        • Green procurements
        • Green office
        • Keskkonnahoidlike riigihangete analüüs (SEI Tallinn)
        • Rohelise kontori käsiraamat (SEI Tallinn)
        • Green events
      • Biosphere reserves
    • Spatial planning and biodiversity
      • Real estate development and biodiversity
      • Rohetaristu objektid
    • Mining and biodiversity
      • The impact of underground mines on biodiversity
      • Quarry reclamation
      • The impact of peat mines on biodiversity
      • Restoring cut-over peatland
    • Energy and biodiversity
      • The impact of oil shale energy on biodiversity
      • The impact of wind farms on biodiversity
      • The impact of hydropower on biodiversity
      • The impact of biomass energy on biodiversity
      • KSH käsiraamat (SEI Tallinn)
    • Transport ja elurikkus
      • Suurte taristuprojektide mõju elurikkusele
      • Biokütused transpordis ja elurikkus
    • Biodiversity and health
      • The impact of sports events on biodiversity
      • Nahkhiired ja COVID-19
    • Urban nature
      • How to create a biodiverse garden?
      • Elurikas linn (SEI Tallinn)
      • Elurikkus kohalikul tasandil (SEI Tallinn)
      • Tallinna ökosüsteemiteenused (SEI Tallinn)
    • Climate change
      • The impact of climate change on biodiversity
  • Environmental education
    • Starting points of Estonian environmental education
    • Nature houses and environmental education centres
    • Study programs
    • Study materials
    • Eesti elanike keskkonnahariduse uuringud
    • Eesti Keskkonnahariduse Ühing
    • Eco Schools Global
  • Moving in nature
    • Freedom to roam
    • Hiking trails and nature trails
    • Winter cave trips
    • Suggestions for moving in nature
    • Various restrictions – restrictions on movement, hunting, use of water craft, fishing, etc
  • Guidance and voluntary participation
    • How to begin studying nature?
    • How can I contribute to studying nature?
      • Citizen Science (ELUS)
      • Citizen science projects
    • Nature Observations Database
      • LVA äpi kasutusjuhend
      • Kasutustingimused
      • Ligipääsetavus
        • Android ligipääsetavuse teatis
        • iOS ligipääsetavuse teatis
      • KKK
      • Nature observations campaigns
        • Luikede sügisrände peatuspaikade vaatlused
        • Kasetriibik – harilik või haruldane?
        • Kevadised hanede, laglede vaatlused 2025
        • Kullekupu vaatlused 2025
        • Põdra vaatluste kogumine 2025
        • Roomajate vaatluste kogumine 2025
        • Talvituvate nahkhiirte vabatahtlik seire 2025
        • Ujurite vabatahtlik seire 2025
        • The new Atlas of the Estonian mammals
      • Abimaterjalid loodusvaatlejale
      • Kaitsealuse liigi leiust teavitamine
      • Kokkuvõtted
    • More nature-themed smart apps
    • Kaitsealuse liigi leiust teavitamine
    • Troubles and advice concerning birds and animals
      • Feeding the birds – good or bad?
      • Birds and marking the windows
      • Feeding urban animals
      • Bats in the house
      • Snakes in the yard
      • How to move an anthill?
      • I found an alien species – what should I do?
      • What should I do if I get back home from a trip and find an unwanted passenger in my bag?
      • What should I know if I want to purchase an animal or plant product from a holiday?
    • Troubles and suggestions concerning pollution
  • Terminology
• Harrastusteaduse projektid
• Loodusvaatluste nutirakendus
• Events
• News
• Contact